本文经授权转载自PostgreSQL中文社区。

Kafka是分布式消息订阅系统，有非常好的横向扩展性，可实时存储海量数据，是流数据处理中间件的事实标准。当通过Kafka和greenplum搭建流处理管道时，如何高速可靠的完成流数据加载，成为用户最关心的问题。从5.10开始，Greenplum发布了新的工具GPKafka，为Greenplum提供了流数据加载的能力。

GPkafka工具：kafka —> Greenplum

一、安装准备

kafka安装：版本为 kafka_2.11-2.1.0。

greenplum安装：版本为 5.16

二、Kafka数据导入GreenPlum

启动kafka

# 启动zookeeper

$ /opt/zookeeper-3.4.12/bin/zkServer.sh start

# 启动kafka

$/opt/kafka/kafka_2.11-2.1.0/bin/kafka-server-start.sh -daemon ../config/server.properties

2.创建gpss扩展

在将Kafka消息数据加载到Greenplum数据库之前，必须在将Kafka数据写入Greenplum表的每个数据库中注册Greenplum-Kafka集成格式化程序函数；示例在lottu数据库

[gpadmin@oracle166 ~]$ psql

psql (8.3.23)

Type "help" for help.

lottu=# CREATE EXTENSION gpss;

3.创建示例表

kafka的数据格式json形式；样式：

{
  "time": 1550198435941,
  "type": "type_mobileinfo",
  "phone_imei": "861738033581011",
  "phone_imsi": "",
  "phone_mac": "00:27:1c:95:47:09",
  "appkey": "307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473",
  "phone_udid": "8F137BFFB2289784A5EA2DCADCE519C2",
  "phone_udid2": "744DD04CE29652F4F1D2DFFC8D3204A9",
  "appUdid": "D21C76419E54B18DDBB94BF2E6990183",
  "phone_resolution": "1280*720",
  "phone_apn": "",
  "phone_model": "BF T26",
  "phone_firmware_version": "5.1",
  "phone_softversion": "3.19.0",
  "phone_softname": "com.esbook.reader",
  "sdk_version": "3.1.8",
  "cpid": "blp1375_13621_001",
  "currentnetworktype": "wifi",
  "phone_city": "",
  "os": "android",
  "install_path": "\/data\/app\/com.esbook.reader-1\/base.apk",
  "last_cpid": "",
  "package_name": "com.esbook.reader",
  "src_code": "WIFIMAC:00:27:1c:95:47:09"
}

我需要其中的 package_name，appkey ，time， phone_udid，os， idfa，phone_imei，cpid，last_cpid，phone_number 字段；所以我创建的表语句

CREATE TABLE tbl_novel_mobile_log (

    package_name text,

    appkey text,

    ts bigint,

    phone_udid text,

    os character varying(20),

    idfa character varying(64),

    phone_imei character varying(20),

    cpid text,

    last_cpid text,

    phone_number character varying(20)

) ;

4.创建gpkafka.yaml配置文件

gpkafka_mobile_yaml文件内容：

DATABASE: lottu

USER: gpadmin

HOST: oracle166

PORT: 5432

KAFKA:

   INPUT:

     SOURCE:

        BROKERS: kafkaip:9092

        TOPIC: mobile_info

     COLUMNS:

        - NAME: jdata

          TYPE: json

     FORMAT: json

     ERROR_LIMIT: 10

   OUTPUT:

     TABLE: tbl_novel_mobile_log

     MAPPING:

        - NAME: package_name

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'package_name')::text

        - NAME: appkey

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'appkey')::text

        - NAME: ts

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'time')::bigint

        - NAME: phone_udid

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'phone_udid')::text

        - NAME: os

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'os')::text

        - NAME: idfa

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'idfa')::text

        - NAME: phone_imei

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'phone_imei')::text

        - NAME: cpid

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'cpid')::text

        - NAME: last_cpid

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'last_cpid')::text

        - NAME: phone_number

          EXPRESSION: (jdata->>'phone_number')::text

   COMMIT:

     MAX_ROW: 1000

5.创建mobile_info topic

/opt/kafka/kafka_2.11-2.1.0/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --zookeeper kafkaIp:2181 --replication-factor 1 --partitions 1  --topic mobile_info

6.创建kafka的发布者

执行下列命令；并添加kafka记录

[root@oracle166 ~]# /opt/kafka/kafka_2.11-2.1.0/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh  --broker-list kafkaIP:9092 --topic mobile_info

>{"time":1550198435941,"type":"type_mobileinfo","phone_imei":"861738033581011","phone_imsi":"","phone_mac":"00:27:1c:95:47:09","appkey":"307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473","phone_udid":"8F137BFFB2289784A5EA2DCADCE519C2","phone_udid2":"744DD04CE29652F4F1D2DFFC8D3204A9","appUdid":"D21C76419E54B18DDBB94BF2E6990183","phone_resolution":"1280*720","phone_apn":"","phone_model":"BFT26","phone_firmware_version":"5.1","phone_softversion":"3.19.0","phone_softname":"com.esbook.reader","sdk_version":"3.1.8","cpid":"blp1375_13621_001","currentnetworktype":"wifi","phone_city":"","os":"android","install_path":"\/data\/app\/com.esbook.reader1\/base.apk","last_cpid":"","package_name":"com.esbook.reader","src_code":"WIFIMAC:00:27:1c:95:47:09"}

{"time":1550198437885,"type":"type_mobileinfo","phone_imei":"862245038046551","phone_imsi":"","phone_mac":"02:00:00:00:00:00","appkey":"307A5C626F2F76646B74606F2F736460656473","phone_udid":"A3BB70A0218AEFC7908B1D79C0C02D77","phone_udid2":"E3976E0453010FC7F32B6143AA3A164E","appUdid":"4FBEF77BC076254ED0407CAD653E6954","phone_resolution":"1920*1080","phone_apn":"","phone_model":"LeX620","phone_firmware_version":"6.0","phone_softversion":"1.9.0","phone_softname":"cn.wejuan.reader","sdk_version":"3.1.8","cpid":"blf1298_14411_001","currentnetworktype":"wifi","phone_city":"","os":"android","install_path":"\/data\/app\/cn.wejuan.reader1\/base.apk","last_cpid":"","package_name":"cn.wejuan.reader","src_code":"ffffffff-9063-8e34-0000-00007efffeff"}

{"time":1550198438311,"type":"type_mobileinfo","phone_number":"","phone_imei":"867520045576831","phone_imsi":"460001122544742","phone_mac":"02:00:00:00:00:00","appkey":"307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473","phone_udid":"A00407EF9D6EBCC207A514CDA452EB76","phone_udid2":"A00407EF9D6EBCC207A514CDA452EB76","appUdid":"1C35633F4EB8218789EFD8666C763485","phone_resolution":"2086*1080","phone_apn":"CMCC","phone_model":"ONEPLUSA6000","phone_firmware_version":"9","phone_softversion":"3.19.0","phone_softname":"com.esbook.reader","sdk_version":"3.1.8","cpid":"blf1298_12242_001","currentnetworktype":"4gnet","phone_city":"","os":"android","install_path":"\/data\/app\/com.esbook.readerTlgFCk6ANgEDRnXDCem8uQ==\/base.apk","last_cpid":"","package_name":"com.esbook.reader","src_code":"460001122544742"}

{"time":1550198433102,"type":"type_mobileinfo","phone_number":"15077113477","phone_imei":"860364049874919","phone_imsi":"460023771256711","phone_mac":"02:00:00:00:00:00","appkey":"307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473","phone_udid":"EEF566CB5253AA62B653347A203815C3","phone_udid2":"0845931539AE39B3B0D4EB42B85D98EC","appUdid":"9570DCA2D574E6B69B24137035209D42","phone_resolution":"2340*1080","phone_apn":"CHINAMOBILE","phone_model":"PBEM00","phone_firmware_version":"8.1.0","phone_softversion":"3.19.0","phone_softname":"com.esbook.reader","sdk_version":"3.1.8","cpid":"blf1298_12242_001","currentnetworktype":"4gnet","phone_city":"","os":"android","install_path":"\/data\/app\/com.esbook.readerNBToXQo14TOeNuPxo_aA4w==\/base.apk","last_cpid":"","package_name":"com.esbook.reader","src_code":"13598c2d-efc4-4957-8d4d-22eb145d15fd"}

{"time":1550198440577,"type":"type_mobileinfo","phone_imei":"869800021106037","phone_imsi":"","phone_mac":"2c:5b:b8:fb:79:af","appkey":"307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473","phone_udid":"2BC16C4AC07070BA9608BBD0EE2EE320","phone_udid2":"A7F9FA4772D31FADEECFDB445BA3BEBB","appUdid":"DC6BEE2F6E5D6A133E26131887AE788A","phone_resolution":"960*540","phone_apn":"","phone_model":"OPPOA33","phone_firmware_version":"5.1.1","phone_softversion":"3.19.0","phone_softname":"com.esbook.reader","sdk_version":"3.1.8","cpid":"blp1375_14526_003","currentnetworktype":"wifi","phone_city":"","os":"android","install_path":"\/data\/app\/com.esbook.reader1\/base.apk","last_cpid":"","package_name":"com.esbook.reader","src_code":"WIFIMAC:2c:5b:b8:fb:79:af"}

{"time":1506944701166,"type":"type_mobileinfo","phone_number":"+8618602699126","phone_imei":"865902038154143","phone_imsi":"460012690618403","phone_mac":"02:00:00:00:00:00","appkey":"307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473","phone_udid":"388015DA70C0AEA6D59D3CE37B0C4BA2","phone_udid2":"388015DA70C0AEA6D59D3CE37B0C4BA2","appUdid":"EC0A105297D55075526018078A4A1B84","phone_resolution":"1920*1080","phone_apn":"中国联通","phone_model":"MIMAX2","phone_firmware_version":"7.1.1","phone_softversion":"3.19.0","phone_softname":"com.esbook.reader","sdk_version":"3.1.8","cpid":"blf1298_10928_001","currentnetworktype":"wifi","phone_city":"","os":"android","install_path":"\/data\/app\/com.esbook.reader1\/base.apk","last_cpid":"","package_name":"com.esbook.reader","src_code":"460012690618403"}

7.执行gpkafka加载数据

[gpadmin@oracle166 ~]$ gpkafka load --quit-at-eof ./gpkafka_mobile_yaml
PartitionID StartTime EndTime BeginOffset EndOffset
0 2019-02-27T09:26:27.989312Z 2019-02-27T09:26:27.99517Z 0 5
Job dcd0d159282c0ef39f182cabeef23ee6 stopped normally at 2019-02-27 09:26:29.442874281 +0000 UTC

8.检查加载操作的进度(非必要)

[gpadmin@oracle166 ~]$ gpkafka check ./gpkafka_mobile_yaml
PartitionID StartTime EndTime BeginOffset EndOffset
0 2019-02-27T09:26:27.989312Z 2019-02-27T09:26:27.99517Z 0 5

9.查看表数据

[gpadmin@oracle166 ~]$ psql

psql (8.3.23)

Type "help" for help.


 

lottu=# select * from tbl_novel_mobile_log ;

   package_name    |                  appkey                  |      ts       |            phone_udid            |   os    | idfa |   phone_imei    |       cpid        | last_cpid | p

hone_number

-------------------+------------------------------------------+---------------+----------------------------------+---------+------+-----------------+--

 com.esbook.reader | 307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473 | 1550198435941 | 8F137BFFB2289784A5EA2DCADCE519C2 | android |      | 861738033581011 | blp1375_13621_001 |           |

 com.esbook.reader | 307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473 | 1550198438311 | A00407EF9D6EBCC207A514CDA452EB76 | android |      | 867520045576831 | blf1298_12242_001 |           |

 com.esbook.reader | 307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473 | 1550198433102 | EEF566CB5253AA62B653347A203815C3 | android |      | 860364049874919 | blf1298_12242_001 |           | 1

5077113477

 com.esbook.reader | 307A5C626E6C2F6472636E6E6A2F736460656473 | 1550198440577 | 2BC16C4AC07070BA9608BBD0EE2EE320 | android |      | 869800021106037 | blp1375_14526_003 |           |

 cn.wejuan.reader  | 307A5C626F2F76646B74606F2F736460656473   | 1550198437885 | A3BB70A0218AEFC7908B1D79C0C02D77 | android |      | 862245038046551 | blf1298_14411_001 |           |

(5 rows)

三、后记

编辑本文初衷是：公司计划为北京ES小说作投放计划，需要类似热云数据平台作为投放数据支持，使投放更加精准可靠。北京小说部门数据存放于kafka中，需要将kafka中的数据导入深圳后台数据库中，虽然最后平台未采用gpkafka方式，但不失一种方案，由于种种原因后台数据库选PG9.6版本，采用java代码实现kafka数据实时导入PG。最后祝PG，GP越来越好，也期待pgkafka工具诞生。

四、参考文献

1、gpkafka更多用法

https://gpdb.docs.pivotal.io/5120/greenplum-kafka/intro.html

2、BottledWater-PG:PostgreSQL集成Kafka的实时数据交换平台

https://www.jianshu.com/p/c3659f49bf94

作者介绍：

Lottu，就职于深圳宜搜科技有限公司，担任数据库DBA，主要承担 PostgreSQL、Oracle数据库维护工作以及数据库去O工作。

原文链接：

https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/HuYYvKtV8RfNxtrrJwR6SQ

创作场景

GPkafka-Kafka 数据导入 GreenPlum 实践